Cars-Pickup-Truck: >>Ferrari 360

Ferrari 360

Ferrari 360 Modena

Manufacturer	Ferrari
Production	1999–2005
Assembly	Maranello, Italy
Predecessor	Ferrari F355
Successor	Ferrari F430
Class	Sports car
Body style	2-seat Coupe 2-seat Spider
Layout	Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive
Engine	3.6 L Tipo F131 V8
Transmission	6-speed manual 6-speed "F1" electrohydraulic manual
Wheelbase	2000-02: 102.4 in (2,601 mm) 2003-05: 102.3 in (2,598 mm)
Length	2000-02: 176.4 in (4,481 mm) 2003-05: 176.3 in (4,478 mm)
Width	2000-02: 75.7 in (1,923 mm) 2003-05: 75.6 in (1,920 mm)
Height	2000-02: 47.8 in (1,214 mm) 2003-05 47.7 in (1,212 mm)

The Ferrari 360 is a sports car built by Ferrari from 1999 to 2005. It succeeded the Ferrari 355 and was replaced by the Ferrari F430. It is a mid-engined, rear wheel drive V8-powered 2-seat coupe.

For the 360, Ferrari partnered with Alcoa to produce an entirely new all-aluminum space-frame chassis that was 40% stiffer than the F355, yet 28% lighter despite a 10% increase in overall dimensions. Along with the new frame was a new Pininfarina body styling that broke ranks with the last decade's sharp angles and flip-up headlights, replacing them with a rounded appearance that harkened to the 1960s. The new V8 engine, common to all versions, was only slightly larger and more powerful than the F355's at 3.6 litres and 400 bhp (300 kW), but the lighter frame and added stiffness improved performance; the 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) acceleration performance improved from 4.6 to 4.3 seconds. An engine replacement resulted in the V8 road model that followed, the F430 (internally referred to as the evoluzione or evo) which debuted in 2004.

Three road going versions were produced:

360 Modena
360 Spider
Challenge Stradale: a road-legal version of the 360 Challenge track car, featuring the F1 electrohydraulic manual transmission

In addition to this there were the usual factory race cars: 360 Challenge, a one make series factory built customer race car based on the 360 Modena but completely stripped out and non road legal. 360 GT-C, a 360 Challenge stripped out and tuned by Veloqx-Prodrive to compete in the N-GT class.

There is also one Ferrari "modificato" 360 Modena. Details are limited; however, it is known to have had extensive performance modifications carried out at the buyer's request. An additional version, 360 Barchetta, was a one-off wedding present from Ferrari to Ferrari president Luca di Montezemolo.

Road models

The first model of the 360 to ship was the 360 Modena, named after the town of Modena, the birthplace of Enzo Ferrari. Its six-speed gearbox is available as a manual, or F1 electrohydraulic manual which was only offered after late 2000. The car went into production in 1999 and remained in production until 2005 when it was replaced by the F430. The Modena was followed by the 360 Spider, Ferrari's 20th road-going convertible. Other than weight, the Spider's specifications match those of the Modena almost exactly. The Challenge Stradale (or 360 CS) was a later addition to the road line. It was essentially a lightened version of the Modena, dropping 110 kilograms and drastically improving its handling through optimizations such as uprated titanium springs (lowering unsprung weight), stiffer bushes (from 360 Challenge cars) and uprated rear anti roll bar (the same anti-roll bar as used on 430 Scuderia). Changes included larger 19" BBS wheels, the use of carbon fiber for the frames of the seats and mirrors, titanium springs which were also 20% stiffer, and Carbon fibre-reinforced Silicon Carbide (C/SiC) ceramic composite brake disks. A variety of option allowed for further weight reductions, including replacing the leather interior with fabric, removal of the power windows and mirrors, and deletion of the stereo. Lexan side windows were available in Europe only. It was officially introduced in March 2003 at the Geneva International Motor Show and went into production shortly thereafter. The CS can be compared to Porsche's GT3 RS model in design approach and many magazines have placed them head to head in road tests.

Specifications

Engine

All models featured the same layout:

No. of cylinders: 90° V8 F131
Bore & stroke: 85 by 79 mm (3.34 by 3.11 in)
Total displacement: 3586 cc (218.8 in³)
Redline: 8500 rpm

For Modena, Spider, Modena F1 and Spider F1:

Maximum power: 405 PS (300 kW; 400 bhp) @ 8500 rpm
Maximum torque: 373 N·m (275 lbf·ft) @ 4750 rpm

For Challenge Stradale:

Maximum power: 426 PS (317 kW; 420 bhp) @ 8500 rpm
Maximum torque: 373 N·m (275 lbf·ft) @ 4750 rpm

Interior of the Modena with rossa corsapaint and tan leather. This example is equipped with the F1 gearbox, controlled by the "paddles" on the steering column

File:360.jpg

360 Modena

Performance (Except Challenge Stradale)

Top speed: 189 mph (304 km/h)
Downforce: 180 kgf (1.77 kN) @ 300 km/h (without rear wing)
Lift/drag: -0.73:1
Acceleration:
- 0-30 mph (48 km/h): 1.8 s
- 0-40 mph (64 km/h): 2.3 s
- 0-50 mph (80 km/h): 3.1 s
- 0-60 mph (97 km/h): 4.2 s
- 0-70 mph (110 km/h): 5.9 s
- 0-80 mph (130 km/h): 7.0 s
- 0-90 mph (140 km/h): 8.6 s
- 0-100 mph (160 km/h): 9.8 s
- Standing 1/4 Mile: 12.8 s/110.6 mph (178.0 km/h)

Braking: 60 mph (97 km/h)-0 mph: 117 ft (36 m)
Lateral acceleration: 0.90g
Speed through 600 ft (180 m) slalom: 69.0 mph (111.0 km/h)
EPA fuel economy:
- City: 11 mpg_-US (21 L/100 km; 13 mpg_-imp)
- Hwy: 16 mpg_-US (15 L/100 km; 19 mpg_-imp)
Est. range:
- City: 276 mi (444 km)
- Hwy: 400 mi (640 km)

Spider

The 360 Spider is Ferrari's twentieth road-going convertible.

The 360 was designed with a Spider variant in mind; since removing the roof of a coupe reduces the torsional rigidity, the 360 was built for strength in other areas. Ferrari designers strengthened the sills, stiffened the front of the floorpan and redesigned the windscreen frame. The rear bulkhead had to be stiffened to cut out engine noise from the cabin. The convertible's necessary dynamic rigidity is provided by additional side reinforcements and a cross brace in front of the engine. Passenger safety is ensured by a strengthened windscreen frame and roll bars.

Ferrari 360 Spider

The 360 Spider displays a curvilinear waistline. The fairings imply the start of a roof, and stable roll bars are embedded in these elevations. Due to use of light aluminium construction throughout, the Spider weighs in only 60 kg (130 lb) heavier than the coupé.

As with the Modena version, its 3.6 litre V8 with 400 bhp (300 kW) is on display under a glass hood. The engine - confined in space by the convertible's top's storage area - acquires additional air supply through especially large side grills. The intake manifolds were moved toward the center of the engine between the air supply conduits in the Spider engine compartment, as opposed to lying apart as with the Modena. In terms of performance, the 0-60 time was slightly slower at 4.5 seconds due to the slight weight increase, and the top speed was reduced from 186 to 180 mph.

Despite the car's mid-mounted V8 engine, the electrically operated top is able to stow into the compartment when not in use. The convertible top was available in black, blue, grey and beige colors. The transformation from a closed top to an open-air convertible is a two-stage folding-action that has been dubbed "a stunning 20 second mechanical symphony".

The interior of the Spider is identical to that of the coupé.

Dimensions

Overall: length 4,477 mm (176.3 in)
Overall: width 1,922 mm (75.7 in)
Height: 1,235 mm (48.6 in)
Wheelbase: 2,600 mm (102.4 in)
Front track: 1,669 mm (65.7 in)
Rear track: 1,617 mm (63.7 in)
Weight: 1,350 kg (2,976 lb)
Curb weight: 1,450 kg (3,197 lb)
Weight distribution: 42/58% front/rear
Fuel capacity: 95 L (25 US gal; 21 imp gal)

Challenge Stradale

Ferrari 360 Challenge Stradale

The Challenge Stradale is a limited production track day focused car based on the 360 Modena. It was inspired by the 360 Modena Challenge racing car so the focus was primarily on improving its track lapping performance by concentrating on handling, braking and weight reduction characteristics, which are essential in pure racing cars. Ferrari engineers designed the car from the outset with a goal of 20% track day use in mind and 80% road use. With only a small 20 bhp (15 kW) improvement in engine power from the Modena (and boasting an improved power-to-weight ratio) the Challenge Stradale accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 4.1 seconds (just a couple of tenths faster than a Modena) but bald figures do not paint the full picture. For the enthusiastic driver the differences are truly staggering, genuine and systematic improvements were achieved to the setup and feel of the whole car. Throttle response from the digital throttle was ratcheted up and feedback through the steering wheel was enhanced. The responsiveness of the controls, the balance of the chassis, the braking performance and the driver feedback all contribute greatly to the overall driving experience and lead the Challenge Stradale to claim an impressive 2.5 seconds improvement per lap of its Fiorano circuit compared to the Modena.

In total, the Challenge Stradale is up to 110 kg (243 lb) lighter than the standard Modena if all the lightweight options are specified such as deleted radio, lexan (plexiglass) rear window and Alcantara fabric (instead of the leather option). As much as 94 kilograms (207 lb) was taken off on the bodywork by stripping the interior of its sound deadening, adding lighter weight bumpers and carbon mirrors and making the optional Modena carbon seats standard. The engine and transmission weight was slimmed down 11 kg (24 lb) through the use of a smaller, lighter weight sports (yet still stainless steel) exhaust back box and valved exit pipes.

Dimensions

Overall length: 4,477 mm (176.3 in)
Overall width: 1,922 mm (75.7 in)
Height: 1,199 mm (47.2 in)
Wheelbase: 2,600 mm (102.4 in)
Front track: 1,669 mm (65.7 in)
Rear track: 1,617 mm (63.7 in)
Dry weight: 1,180 kg (2,601 lb)
Curb weight: 1,290 kg (2,844 lb)
Fuel capacity: 95 L (25 US gal; 21 imp gal)

Performance

0–100 km/h (62 mph): 4.1 s
Top speed: 300 km/h (190 mph)
Downforce: about 270 kgf (2.6 kN) @ 300 km/h (without rear wing)
Lift/drag: about -1.1:1

Race models

360 Modena Challenge

Based on the 360 Modena road car, the 360MC (Modena Challenge) was an extensively reworked, non road legal car intended to compete in Ferrari's one-make racing series called the 'Ferrari Challenge'. It was only available with the F1 gearbox. At the time of launch, Ferrari claimed the 360MC accelerated from 0 to 62 mph in 3.9 seconds (0.6 secs quicker than the standard 360 Modena F1) and could corner significantly faster than the road car.

Unlike the previous Challenge car series, which utilized a F355 road car with a dealer-installed 'challenge upgrade' kit, the 360 MC was a factory built track car, which allowed greater weight reduction efforts. The enhanced driving characteristics and substantial weight reduction meant the car could comfortably outperform its road-going counterpart even though power from the 3.6 engine was claimed to be similar.

The 360MC featured a stripped-down race-car interior with the stereo, electric windows and locks, soundproofing, airbags, air-conditioning, and even the handbrake removed. The seats and restraints were replaced by a single carbon fiber racing seat and FIA approved restraint harnesses, and a roll cage was fitted for safety along with a fire suppression system. The instrument cluster was reworked with a monochrome LCD to display vital engine data. The adaptive suspension of the road car was replaced by adjustable racing dampers, while larger brakes with extra cooling ducts were added.

Official Performance figures

Power (SAE net) : 410 bhp (306 kW; 416 PS) @ 8500 rpm
Torque (SAE net) : 286 lb·ft (388 N·m) @ 4750 rpm
0–100 km/h (0-62 mph) : 3.9 sec
Top speed (limited) : 185 mph (298 km/h)
Kerb Weight : 1,250 kg (2,756 lb)
Dry Weight : 1,169 kg (2,577 lb)

GT-C

The Ferrari 360 GTC is a race version of the 360 Modena. With a dry weight of 1100 kg, it was developed by the Corse Clienti Department in Maranello, in collaboration with Michelotto Automobili to compete in the N-GT class. It made use of recent evolutions successfully race tested on the Ferrari 360 GT, with a sequential six-speed gearbox and a further improved Magneti Marelli electronics package. The aerodynamics are substantially different from the 360 GT, given that the 360 GTC has been newly homologated by FIA/ACO from the Challenge Stradale, taking up from its basic elements: front bumper, side skirts, engine cover and double rear end. Wind tunnel research has led to a new system for the rear wing, with a notable improvement in vertical downforce. The performance of the 90-degree V8 3586.2 cc engine has been improved in terms of fuel consumption.

In 2009 a privately owned Veloqx-Prodrive Racing 360 raced de-restricted, fully tuned variations of the GT-C in endurance races around the world including; Silverstone, Sebring and Le-Mans.

The original 360GT power output was 445 horsepower (332 kW) at 8750 rpm, the GTC bettered that raising peak power to 472bhp while still breathing through the mandatory 30.8mm air restrictors. (Without the mandatory [for racing in N-GT class] air restrictors in place the engine dyno's at an astonishing 550bhp).