Cars-Pickup-Truck: >>Ferrari 348

วันอาทิตย์ที่ 13 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555

>>Ferrari 348

Ferrari 348

Ferrari 348

Manufacturer	Ferrari S.p.A.
Model years	1989–1995 (8,844 produce)
Predecessor	Ferrari 328
Successor	Ferrari F355
Class	Sports car
Body style	Berlinetta Targa Spider
Layout	RMR layout
Engine	3.4 L Tipo F119 V8
Transmission	5-speed manual
Wheelbase	2,450 mm (96.5 in)
Length	4,230 mm (166.5 in)
Width	1,894 mm (74.6 in) (TB, TS) 1,890 mm (74.4 in) (GTS, GTB, Spider)
Height	1,170 mm (46.1 in)
Curb weight	1,393 kg (3,071 lb) (TB, TS) 1,370 kg (3,020 lb) (GTS, GTB, Spider)
Related	Ferrari Mondial t

The Ferrari 348 is a mid-engined, rear-wheel-drive
V8-powered 2-seat sports car byFerrari S.p.A., replacing the 328 in 1989 and continuing until 1995.

Overview

The 348, badged 348 TB for the coupe (Berlinetta) and 348 TS (Spider) for the targa versions, features a naturally aspirated 3.4-litre version of the quad-cam, 4-valve-per-cylinder V8 engine which was originally found in the 288 GTO sports car. As with its predecessors, the model number was derived from this configuration, with the first two digits being the displacement and the third being the number of cylinders. The engine, which produced 300 hp (224 kW), was mounted longitudinally and coupled to a transverse gearbox, like the Mondial t with which the 348 shared many components. This was a significant change for Ferrari, with most previous small Ferraris using a transverse engine with longitudinal transmission. The "T" in the model name 348 TB and TS refers to the transverse position of the gearbox. Overall, 2895 examples of the 348 TB and 4230 of the 348 TS were produced.

The 348 was fitted with dual-computer engine management utilizing twin Bosch 2.5 Motronic ECUs, double-redundant anti-lock brakes, and self-diagnosing air conditioning and heating systems.

U.S. spec 348's have OBD-I engine management systems, though European variants do not come with the self-test push button installed, which is needed to activate this troubleshooting feature.

Similar to the Testarossa but departing from the BB 512 and 308/328, the oil and coolant radiators were relocated from the nose to the sides, widening the waist of the car substantially, but making the cabin much easier to cool since hoses routing warm water no longer ran underneath the cabin as in the older front-radiator cars. This also had the side effect of making the doors very wide.

The 348 was equipped with a dry-sump oil system to prevent oil starvation at high speeds and during hard cornering. The oil level can only be accurately checked on the dip-stick when the motor is running due to this setup. The 348 was fitted with adjustable ride-height suspension and a removable rear sub-frame to speed up the removal of the engine for maintenance.

Late versions (1993 and beyond) have Japanese-made starter motors and Nippondenso power generators to improve reliability, as well as the battery located within the front left fender for better weight distribution.

The 348's styling differed from previous models with straked side air intakes and rectangular taillights resembling the Testarossa. The F355 that replaced it returned to the styling cues of the 328 with round tail lights and rounded side air scoops.

Fifty-seven "Challenge" models were built for owners who wanted a more "track-ready" car.

This vehicle also served as a test mule for the Ferrari Enzo. Three of these were made.

Between 1992 and 1993 Ferrari made 100 units of 348 Serie Speciale of tb and ts versions. It was a limited edition only made for US market. The revised engine produced 312 bhp (229 kW) @ 7200 rpm. Externally, the grate between the taillights was removed and a larger front spoiler was fitted. The rear track was wider by 25 mm. An additional 15 units were also made with Kevlar sport seats.

1993 changes

In late 1993 the 348 was revised, featuring subtle styling changes (front grille, rear chrome Cavallino and removable seat cushions) and more power, this time producing 312 bhp (U.S) and 320 hp (Euro) from the same 3.4-litre engine, with an improved engine management system - Bosch Motronic 2.7, increased compression ratio from 10.4:1 to 10.8:1, higher plenum chamber on inlet manifold, new exhaust system (single muffler) and different camshaft timing.

The revised cars are called 348 GTB (252 made) and GTS (137 made) and were presented to the public as the 348 GT versions, equipped with the F119H engine (as opposed to the original F119D and US F119G).

For these models, both the engine hood panel and lower body skirts were body-colored instead of black, and the rear track was one inch wider due to the mounting area, on the inside, of the rear wheels being thicker. The suspension geometry was revised which greatly enhanced its handling, ride and body control. The fuel tank was also smaller (88L) in order to reduce overall weight and provide space to improve chassis rigidity.

The 348 Spider (convertible) model was also introduced, in-line with the phasing out of the Mondial Cabriolet. 1090 units made.

For 1994 only, Ferrari also made 360 hp (268 kW) to 500 hp (370 kW) 348 Competizione race models (some sold in Europe for the street, too) in conjunction with the Michelotto performance house. These 348 GTCs (or GT Competiziones) had Kevlar front and rear bumpers, Kevlar seats, Kevlar door panels, whilst the Le Mans race models used F40 half-shafts.