Ford Prefect
 1948 Ford Prefect E93A Saloon | |
| Manufacturer | Ford of Britain |
|---|---|
| Production | 1938–1961 |
| Predecessor | Ford 7Y |
| Successor | Ford Anglia |
The Ford Prefect is a line of British cars produced by the UK section of the Ford Motor Company, and a more upmarket version of its direct siblings the Ford Popular and Ford Anglia. It was introduced in October 1938 and remained in production until 1941; returning to the market in 1945, it was offered till 1961. The car progressed in 1953 from its original perpendicular or 'sit-up-and-beg' style to a more modern three-box structure.
Like its siblings, the car became a popular basis for a hot rod especially in Britain where both its lightweight structure and its four-cylinder engines appealed to builders.
E93A (1938–49)
 | |
| Production | 1938–49 199,493 produced |
|---|---|
| Body style | 4-door saloon 2-door saloon 2-door tourer 2-door drophead coupé 2-door van 2-door coupé utility 2-door roadster utility |
| Engine | 1172 cc Ford Straight-4 side-valve |
| Transmission | 3-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 87 in (2,200 mm) |
| Length | 151 in (3,800 mm) |
| Width | 61 in (1,500 mm) |
| Height | 63.5 in (1,610 mm) |
| Related | Ford Anglia Ford Popular |
The Ford Prefect was introduced in October 1938 and built by the Ford plant in Dagenham, Essex. The original Ford Prefect was a slight reworking of the previous year's 7Y, the first Ford car designed outside of Detroit, Michigan. It was designed specifically for the British market. It had a 1172 cc side-valve engine with thermocirculation radiator (no pump) and the ability to be started by a crank handle should the battery not have sufficient power to turn the starter motor running from the 6 Volt charging system. The windscreen wipers were powered by the vacuum ported from the engine intake manifold — as the car laboured uphill the wipers would slow to a standstill due to the intake manifold vacuum dropping to near nil, only to start working again as the top was reached and the intake vacuum increased. The windscreen opened forward pivoting on hinges on the top edge; two flaps either side of the scuttle also let air into the car.
The most common body styles were two- and four-door saloons, but pre war a few tourers and coupés were made. Ford Australia also produced 2-door coupé utility and 2-door roadster utility variants. Post war, only four-door saloons were available on the home market, but two-door models were made for export.
41,486 were made up to 1941 and a further 158,007 between 1945 and 1948.
E493A (1949–53)
 | |
| Production | 1949–53 192,229 produced |
|---|---|
| Body style | 4-door saloon |
| Engine | 1172 cc Ford Straight-4 side-valve |
| Transmission | 3-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 94 in (2,400 mm) |
| Length | 151 in (3,800 mm) |
| Width | 61 in (1,500 mm) |
| Height | 63.5 in (1,610 mm) |
Post war, the Prefect design changed little until replaced in 1952. The headlamps moved into the wings and trafficators were fitted (internally lit semaphores springing out from the door pillars to signal left and right turns), though due to space restrictions these were left out on the Australian-built Ute. Only four-door saloons were available on the home market, the two-door sector being left to the Anglia but some were made for export.
The brakes remained mechanically operated using the Girling rod system with 10 in (250 mm) drums and the chassis still had transverse leaf springs front and rear.
A Prefect tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1948 had a top speed of 61 mph (98 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-50 mph (80 km/h) in 22.8 seconds. A fuel consumption of 33.2 miles per imperial gallon (8.51 L/100 km; 27.6 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car which had the optional leather upholstery cost £412 including taxes. In standard form, they commented that it was the cheapest 4-door car on the British market.
192,229 were made.
100E (1953–59)
 | |
| Production | 1953–59 100,554 produced |
|---|---|
| Body style | 4-door saloon |
| Engine | 1172 cc Ford Straight-4 side-valve |
| Transmission | 3-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 94 in (2,400 mm) |
| Length | 152 in (3,900 mm) |
| Width | 57 in (1,400 mm) |
| Height | 58.5 in (1,490 mm) |
| Related | Ford Anglia Ford Popular Ford Squire Ford Escort Thames 300E |
In 1953 a much redesigned Ford Prefect was introduced alongside the similar Ford Anglia and remained in production until 1959. Externally, the Prefect can be distinguished from the Anglia by having vertical bars on the radiator grille and four doors. The old separate chassis had gone, replaced by integral construction, and coil independent front suspension supplanted the transverse leaf spring. Girling hydraulic brakes were fitted, initially 7 in drums but quickly increased to 8 in (200 mm) A new side-valve engine of 1172 cc engine was fitted having the same bore, stroke and layout of the previous engine, but in all other respects completely different - changes included adjustable tappets, raising the compression ratio from 6.3:1 to 7:1 and larger input valves, resulting in the power input increasing by 20% to 36 bhp.
Inside there were separate front seats trimmed in PVC with leather as an option and two circular instruments in front of the driver one containing the speedometer and the other a fuel and water temperature gauges. De Luxe models from the second dashboard update in 1959 included glove box locks.The gear change was floor-mounted. The heater was an optional extra. The dashboard was revised twice; the binnacle surrounding the steering column was replaced by a central panel with twin dials towards the driver's side in 1956; the last from 1959 had twin dials in a binnacle in front of the driver and 'magic ribbon' AC speedo similar to the 1957 E-series Vauxhall Velox/Cresta and '58/'59 PA models.
In 1955 an estate car version was introduced, marketed as the Ford Squire and mechanically identical to the contemporary Escort, an estate car version of the Ford Anglia 100E, but with wooden strakes and a higher trim level.
The Motor magazine tested a de-luxe 100E in 1957 and recorded a top speed of 71 mph (114 km/h) and acceleration from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 32.2 seconds. A "touring" fuel consumption of 33.1 miles per gallon (imperial) was recorded. On the home market it cost £658 including taxes of £220.
100,554 were made.
107E (1959–61)
 | |
| Production | 1959–61 38,154 produced |
|---|---|
| Body style | 4-door saloon |
| Engine | 997 cc Ford Straight-4 overhead valve |
| Wheelbase | 87 in (2,200 mm) |
| Length | 150 in (3,800 mm) |
| Width | 61 in (1,500 mm) |
This was a reworked 100E body with the new 997cc overhead valve engine, four-speed gearbox and 'banjo' style rear end from the Anglia 105E, produced to offer a four door model until replaced by the Ford Consul Classic. 38,154 were made,most of them in a two-tone colour scheme and deluxe trim.
Drum brakes of 8 in (200 mm) diameter were fitted, hydraulically operated, and the suspension was independent at the front using MacPherson struts. The rear driven axle used semi elliptic leaf springs. The steering mechanism used a worm and peg system.
On test, The Motor magazine recorded a top speed of 73 mph (117 km/h) and acceleration from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 27.2 seconds. A "touring" fuel consumption of 36 miles per gallon (imperial) was recorded. On the home market, it cost £621, including taxes of £183.
Optional extras included a heater, windscreen washers, radio and leather upholstery to replace the standard PVC.
Exports & foreign production
In addition to the UK, Ford Prefects were also sold in the USA (Advert from 1958), Australia, New Zealand, where they were locally assembled, Argentina and Canada. The Canadian model was left-hand drive. The Prefect was also license built in Latvia by Ford-Vairogs as the Ford-Vairogs Junior. Also in South Africa, where they were presumably assembled locally.
Australian production
The Australian built model was also available in a Coupe Utility or "Ute" form that had an open rear tray area similar in design to an American pick-up, but based on the sedan and not derived from a truck or commercial vehicle.
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