>>Toyota Starlet

Toyota Starlet

Toyota Starlet
Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	1973–1999
Predecessor	Toyota Publica
Successor	Toyota Corolla FX (For North America) Toyota Vitz Toyota bB
Class	Subcompact

The Toyota Starlet was a small automobile manufactured by Toyota from 1973 to 1999, replacing the Toyota Publica (and retaining the Publica's "P" code and generation numbering). However, the Publica name continued to be used in some of Toyota's export markets.

40 Series

40 Series
Production	1973-1977
Body style(s)	2-door sedan 4-door sedan
Layout	FR layout
Platform	P40

Initially launched in April 1973 as the Publica Starlet 40 series, the Starlet was offered with 1000 and 1200 cc engines. Generally the car looked like a shortened Corolla. Variants available were 2-door Sedan, and 3-door wagon. The 4-door Sedan came in October 1973. Grades are Standard, Deluxe, Hi-Deluxe, ST, and SR.

60 Series

60 Series
Production	1978–1984
Body style(s)	3-door hatchback 5-door hatchback 5-door station wagon
Layout	FR layout
Platform	P60
Engine(s)	K-Series

The 60 series, introduced in 1978 was better known, being the first to be extensively sold outside Japan. It was offered with 993, 1,166 and 1,290 cc engines. Three-door and 5-door hatchbacks were offered in export markets, although a distinctive 5-door wagon variant was sold on the Japanese domestic market, Hong Kong, and Germany. Trim levels were Standard, Deluxe (DX), GL, XL, S, and SE. In 1980 the car was facelifted to include square headlights, and again was facelifted in 1983 to incorporate a slant nose front end, and lower hatch opening. The KP61 was the only Starlet ever sold in the USA from 1981 to 1984, until the Corolla FX replaced it in 1985. The 1981–1982 models came with standard 5-speed manual transmission and tachometer. It is an equivalent to other markets' S model. The 1983–1984 models were offered with Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI), but with 4-speed manual transmission, and similar to other destinations XLi model.

70 Series

70 Series
Production	1984–1989
Body style(s)	3-door hatchback 5-door hatchback
Layout	FF layout
Platform	P70
Engine(s)	1E, 2E, 2E-ELU & 2E-TELU

The 70 series of October 1984 saw the Starlet finally switch to front wheel drive. 3-door and 5-door hatchbacks were offered. The 12 valve 1E and 2E replaced the old K-series. The extensive Japanese line up consisted of Standard, DX, Soleil, XL, XL Lisse, SE, Si, Si Limited, Ri, Turbo R, and Turbo S. The engine fitted in turbo models was the 2E-TELU. The Ri and Turbo R are the light weight models designed for motorsports. For export markets the Starlet 70 series were offered as 1.0 Standard, 1.0 DX, 1.0 XL, 1.0 XL Lisse, 1.3 XL, 1.3 FE, 1.3 S, 1.3 SE. The export version Si Limited was basically an XL or 1.3 S with front and rear spoilers, sporty red and black interior, Multi-point fuel injection and special exterior colour 2-tone black-silver, or white. The first Starlet assembled outside Japan was the 1985 1.0 XL built in Indonesia. A year later, the 1.3 liter model was also manufactured. Minor change for Japanese models was given in 1987 with new nose, tail lights, bigger bumpers, and revised interior.

80 Series

80 Series
Production	1990–1998
Body style(s)	3-door hatchback 5-door hatchback
Layout	FF layout/All-wheel drive
Platform	P80
Wheelbase	2,300 mm

The Starlet 80 series was introduced in 1990. It featured a more rounded body style and interior. Japanese models received new Twincam engines: 4E-F, 4E-FE, and 4E-FTE with CT9 turbocharger. Export models retained the 1E and 2E engines, and the special version 4E-FE (only for UK and Hong Kong). The Starlet for Japan and Indonesia have a rear center garnish and therefore the license plate is mounted on the bumper. 80 Series Starlets exported to other destinations have their number plates mounted on the hatch centre panel.

1990 Starlet 1.3 XLi

In Japan, the 80 Series Starlet was again offered in wide range of variants: Soleil, best selling Soleil L, S, X, X Limited, Si, Canvas Top, the sports model Gi and GT Turbo. The sports model have different bumpers, headlights, and tail lights from the regular models. Sports bucket front seats and rear spoiler are also standard on the Gi and GT. The GT has 2-mode (low and high) turbo. The Japanese only Full-time 4WD models EP85 were offered in Soleil L, S, and X Limited grades.

A minor facelift occurred in January 1992, with all Japanese models gaining fuel injection and the discontinuation of the X variant. A new front bumper and revised interior were installed, and the addition of a safety beam inside the doors were added for all models. The S, X Limited, Gi, and GT also gained a new rear center garnish. In Indonesia the new SE-G replaced the SE Limited. The SE-G has upmarket interior similar to Japanese X Limited, and shares the new tail lights with Gi and GT. The Canvas Top was offered in Hong Kong and Germany in small numbers.

1994 Starlet 1.3 XLi EP81

The Starlet made its European debut at 1990 Geneva Auto Show. The 1.3 XLi was sold in most European countries. The sporty 1.3 Si was offered in Switzerland. It comes with standard sports front seats, 3-spoke steering wheel, sunroof, and rear spoiler. UK model was 1.0 GL, which replaced by 1.3 GLi 3 door in 1993. For 1994, the UK models are 1.3 XLi 3 door and 1.3 GLi 5 door. All GLi models have sunroof.

The Starlet EP81 participated in WRC Acropolis Rally in Greece, and won the A5 class. The Starlet was also competed in Starlet One Make Race in Japan, the Indonesian Touring Car Championship, and Rallies in the Caribbean.

The second minor update was in May 1994 with new front end and tail lights. The full-wide rear garnish was deleted. The hatch trunk now has smooth panel with small garnishes. The Gi and GT featured twin round headlights and mesh grille, also known as quad headlights. These minor changes were only extended to Japan, Hong Kong, Indonesia, and New Zealand. Hong Kong received JDM Soleil L. The 1.3 SE-G continued in Indonesia, and the 1.3 GS replaced 1.3 S in New Zealand. Production in Japan ended in December 1995, but in Indonesia continued until March 1998.

90 Series

90 Series
Production	1996–1999
Body style(s)	3-door hatchback 5-door hatchback
Layout	FF layout/All-wheel drive
Platform	P90
Engine(s)	2E, 4E-FE, 4E-FTE, 1N
Related	Toyota Tercel, Toyota Paseo

The Starlet 90 series, introduced in 1996, retained the same idea of three or five-door hatchback. The unique design is sloped-down belt line on front doors. The Japanese versions were divided into 3 models: Reflet (normal), Glanza (sports), and Carat (classic). The Reflet (Base, f, and x), the Carat, and the Glanza S are powered by 4E-FE engines. The Base model was also offered with the 1N Diesel engine. The Carat features chrome ornaments, tail lights cover, and classy interior. There were 2 Glanza models: Glanza S, and the 4E-FTE powered Glanza V Turbo. In December 1996, the Glanza S Limited was released. It has standard body kits same as Glanza V Turbo except the scooped-hood and the engine did not have a Turbo. The Glanza V and Glanza S were not sold in Europe and were only available on the JDM Market. Recently the Glanza has become a popular import in the UK for its efficient engine and impressive power outputs.

1997 Starlet Glanza V EP91

The Starlet EP91 came to Europe in Spring 1996. Although basically all European models were 1.3 XLi, they were marketed in different name across Europe. Initially the UK models were the base 1.3 Sportif and the upmarket 1.3 CD (with standard CD Player and Sunroof). In 1998, the UK line up was revised with base 1.3 S, sporty 1.3 SR (with lowered suspension, spoiler, and sport exhaust), and loaded 1.3 GLS. The French models are Base, GL, and GLS. In Switzerland, the upgraded model similar to GLS is called 1.3 Crystal, while in Norway is called SLi. All of high grade models have driver's side SRS Airbag, tachometer, front power windows, rear headrests, and coloured bumpers. ABS and Sunroof are options.

Minor changes with new front bumpers, grille, tail lights, and revised interior fabric were new for 1998 JDM models. Production of Starlet ended in July 1999. The 90 Series Starlet shared its platform with the Paseo including suspension, engines and many other components. The right hand drive Starlet has its own dashboard design with slightly higher center AC outlets, while the left hand drive shares the dashboard with Tercel and Paseo.

Other variants

Normally, Starlets were known for being dependable but dull automobiles, but there were exceptions. The Toyota Sera, made in the early 1990s and officially sold only in Japan, was the same car with a sports body and butterfly doors. Only about 16,000 were ever produced due to their poor performance in frontal-impact crash tests.

Several turbocharged sport versions of the Starlet were also sold in Japan, including the EP71 Turbo S (1986-1989), EP82 GT Turbo (1990-1995) and the EP91 Glanza V (1996-1999). These have become quite popular in recent years in other right-hand drive regions such as Malta, the UK, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand as used imports.

The Starlet was briefly exported to North America from 1981 to 1984, when it was replaced by the Corolla FX in Toyota's North American lineup.

They were some Special Edition of 80-series sold in Europe such as 1.3 Jeans in UK and Germany, 1.3 Dance in Switzerland, and 1.3 Westwood in Belgium, all of these are based on 1.3 XLi.

The last 80-series in Indonesia was marketed as Fantastic Starlet, this is the 1.3 SE-G with bumpers, grille, headlights, and turbo-look bonnet from Japanese 1.3 Gi which looks extremely powerful compared to its rivals.

The range was replaced by the Toyota Vitz/Platz/Echo/Yaris range in 1999, but Toyota had been absent in the city car business for Europe until the Aygo was launched in 2005. Another Japanese replacement was the Toyota bB mini MPV, which is sold as the Scion xB in the United States.

>>Toyota Sprinter Marino

Toyota Sprinter Marino

Toyota Sprinter Marino
Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	1991–1998

The Toyota Sprinter Marino is a four-door hardtop version of the GT-APEX Trueno produced between 1991 - 1998 for sale in the Japanese Domestic Market. Unlike the less powerful models the GT model has twin exhaust pipes, identical to GT-APEX Trueno 20V 4AGE models and has an interior identical to that of the AE100 series Toyota Sprinter GT-APEX Trueno. The Marino is a common sight in New Zealand, because of the country's high volumes of imported vehicles and was discontinued in 1998.

Features of GT Marino

Engine

The Toyota SprinterMarino has a 1587 cc Twin Cam 20 Valve DOHC Silver Top 4AGE .The engine produces 165hp (at 7500 rpm)which is very good for the size of the engine. The Silver Top 4AGE is the 2nd most powerful of the high performance Toyota motors ever made only beaten by the Black Top 4AGE which is around 15 hp more powerful. Another significant difference between the black top and silver top 4AGE is the former has MAP sensor (Manifold Air Pressure sensor) which is absent in the silver top 4AGE. It is a high reving engine, not red at 8000 rpm and can handle over 10,000 rpm without thinking twice however it has a limiter which cuts the power when it reaches over 9000 rpm

Body

The Marino is a 4-door hard top with 4 main seats however has a 5th seat in the back that can be used for small children. The Marino GT comes with a mandatory feature of a rear spoiler.

Safety

A driver's airbag was available after 1995. Automatic door locking was a mandatory feature on the vehicle in its first year of production (1991) - as per Japanese vehicular law (1991) whereby all Japanese manufactured vehicles for the JDM must lock all doors at 18 km/h.

Trim

• Marino X - 4AFE - 5SPD MAN, 4SPD AUTO ECTS option available on A/T
  
• Marino X-Limited - 4AFE - 5SPD MAN, 4SPD AUTO ECTS option available on A/T
  
• Marino GT - 20V 4AGE - 5SPD MAN, 4SPD AUTO ECTS option available on A/T

Performance

Acceleration: 0-100 km/h 7.6 seconds
Standing quarter mile: 14.9 seconds, 155 km/h
Top speed: 278 km/h

Transmission

Specially developed 5-speed manual gearbox as well as an Automatic version L.S.D (limited slip differential).

Gear ratio

• 1st gear: 97 km/h
• 2nd gear: 137 km/h
• 3rd gear: 193 km/h
• 4th gear: 234 km/h
• 5th gear: 280 km/h

• Reverse gear: 72 km/h

>>Toyota Sprinter Trueno AE85/86

Toyota Sprinter Trueno AE85/86

Toyota Sprinter Trueno AE85/86 Data for Japanese Versions
Also called	Corolla Levin
Production	1983–1987
Body style(s)	2-door coupe, 3-door coupe
Layout	FR layout
Engine(s)	1.5 L SOHC-I4 (3A-U), 83 JIS hp 1.6 L SOHC-I4 (4A-C), 87 hp 1.6 L DOHC-I4 (4A-GEU), 130 JIS hp 1.6 L DOHC-I4 (4A-GEC), 112 hp
Transmission(s)	5 speed manual transmission; 4 speed automatic
Wheelbase	94.5 in (2400 mm)
Length	165.5 in (4205 mm)
Width	64.0 in (1625 mm)
Height	52.6 in (1335 mm)
Curb weight	1900–2075 lb (860–940 kg)

The AE86 generation of the Toyota Corolla Levin and Toyota Sprinter Trueno is a small, lightweight coupe introduced by Toyota in 1983 as part of the fifth generation Toyota Corolla line-up. For the purpose of brevity, the insider-chassis code of "AE86" is used to describe the whole range. In classic Toyota code, the "A" represents the engine that came in the car (the 3A and 4A) and the E86 represents the 6th revision of the fifth generation (E80 series) of the E model which is the Corolla. The visual difference between the Levin and Trueno is that the former has fixed-headlights and the latter has retractable headlights. The export model name Corolla covers both variations. The AE86 (along with the lower spec 1452 cc AE85 and 1587 cc SR5 versions) was rear wheel drive (unlike the front wheel drive CE80, EE80 and AE82 models), and is among the last rear-drive cars of its type, at a time when most passenger cars were being switched to front-drive. The AE86 was replaced in 1987 by the front wheel drive AE92 Corolla/Sprinter range. The AE86 was also known as the Hachi-Roku (ハチロク, Hachi-Roku^?) (after the numbers eight (ハチ, hachi^?) and six (ロク, roku^?) in Japanese).

Engine/technical

The AE86 was available with a fuel-injected 4-cylinder twin-cam 1587 cc 4A-GEU engine in Japan and Europe which was also used in the first-generation Toyota MR2 (AW11). This engine had a maximum power output of 130 PS (97 kW) and 103 ft·lbf (140 nm) of torque in standard form. The AE86 came with a 5-speed manual gearbox, and later came with the option of an automatic. The 4A-GE engines used in the AE86 and AW11 were equipped with T-VIS (Toyota Variable Induction System). The AE86 had an optional Limited Slip Differential (LSD).

In North America, a modified 4A-GEC engine was used to comply with California emissions regulations. Power was rated at 112 bhp (84 kW), and 100 ft·lbf (136 nm) of torque.

The AE86 used ventilated disc brakes. The car was equipped with a MacPherson strut style independent suspension at the front and a four-link live axle with coil springs for the rear. Stabilizer bars were present at both ends.

Lower-spec American AE86 SR5 models used the 1587 cc 4A-C SOHC unit, did not have an optional LSD, and had rear drum brakes. Also, the SR5 model had a softer suspension, and small styling and interior changes.

Models equipped with the 4A-GE engine received a 6.7" rear differential, while 3A-U, 4A-U, and 4A-C models received a smaller, weaker, 6.38" rear differential.

The AE86 SR5 (4A-C equipped) had an optional automatic transmission, though the GT-S model (with the 4A-GE DOHC engine) only came with a standard 5-speed manual gearbox.

One of the staff who was behind the car's engineering work was Nobuaki Katayama, who would later head the company's motorsport department and who would become chief engineer of the Altezza project a decade later. An article in Car Magazine in April 1999, stated he has a photo of an AE86 hung in his office.

Body styles

"Sprinter Trueno" badged AE86 Corolla

Both the Levin and Trueno variants were offered with either a 2-door coupe or 3-door liftback (sometimes called hatchback) body style. Both the Levin and Trueno were generally identical, apart from fixed, rectangular headlights on the Levin and pop-up headlights on the Trueno. Minor bodywork changes were made in 1986 which resulted in different tail lights for both Levin and Trueno models, along with the coupe and hatchback styles. The models sold between 1983–1985 are commonly referred to as "Zenki" in Japan, and the models sold from 1986–1987 are referred to as "Kouki". The coupe version is considered to be more rigid and lighter version of the two.

Models/specifications

In Japan, the DOHC 4A-GEU AE86 was offered in GT-APEX and GTV trims as the Corolla Levin or Sprinter Trueno, with SOHC 3A-U AE85 version sold in a variety of trims including SR, GT, et cetera. In America, the top-spec DOHC 4A-GEC was sold as the Corolla GT-S AE88, with the SOHC 4A-C AE86 bearing the Corolla SR5 tag. Both versions sold with pop-up headlights only.Euro spec models were sold as the Corolla GT with DOHC engines and fixed Levin-style headlights. The Middle East received the same basic model as the North American market, with pop-up headlights and the regulated 5 mph (8 km/h) bumpers.

Due to a light weight of around 940 kg(2072 lb), and over 120 bhp (89 kW) power, the car could reach a top speed of 120 mph (193 km/h), and could accelerate from 0–60 mph in 8.5 seconds in standard specification.

North American AE86 specifications and year changes

There are three types of Corolla Sport RWD for the US market: DX, SR5, and GT-S, though it seems the DX was more of an internal Toyota designation, as brochures, and the like do not include the DX designation; it was more of an interior trim level, as most everything else is the same as the SR5. It is grouped in with the SR5 in this list, as that is the commonly used name for all North American Corolla Sport models that are not GT-S equipped.

• Model Years of production: 1984 to 1987
• Versions: SR5 and GT-S (85+ Only)
• Drag Coefficient: 0.39
• Odometer Calibration: 637 revs = 1 km (Canada Only) / 1026 revs = 1 mile (USA Only)

SR5 specifications

• Chassis Code: AE86
• Horsepower: 87 bhp (52 kW) @ 4800 rpm* Torque: 85 ft·lbf (115 N·m) @ 2800 rpm* Weight: approximately 2200 lb (998 kg) to 2400 lb (1089 kg)
• Engine: 4A-C, 1587 cc
• Engine Type: SOHC 8-valve Inline-4 Carburated
• M/T Transmission: T50, 6-bolt flywheel
• A/T Transmission: A42DL, 4-speed overdrive w/lockup torque converter, mechanically controlled, with electronically engaged overdrive
• Compression: 9.0:1
• Differential: 6.38" Open with 4.10:1 Ratio, 2-pinion (Automatic) (S292) or 3.91:1 Ratio, 4-pinion (5-speed) (S314)
• Wheels/Tires: 13x5" +33 mm Offset Rims with 185/70-13 Tires
• First 7 Digits of VIN: JT2AE86

GT-S specifications

• Chassis Code: AE86
• Horsepower: 112 hp (84 kW) @ 6600 rpm* Torque: 100 ft·lbf (132 N·m) @ 4800 rpm* Weight: approximately 2200 lb (998 kg) to 2400 lb (1089 kg)
• Engine: 4A-GEC, 1587 cc
• Engine Type: DOHC 16-valve Inline-4 AFM Multiport Fuel Injection w/T-VIS
• Transmission: T50, 8-bolt flywheel
• Injector Size: approx. 180 cc, low impedance
• Compression: 9.4:1
• Differential: 6.7" Open (T282) or optional LSD (USA Only) (T283) with 4.30:1 Ratio, 2-pinion
• Wheels/Tires: 14x5.5" +27 mm Offset Rims with 185/60-14 Tires (195/60-14 for 86+ models)
• First 7 Digits of VIN: JT2AE88

1984 model year (August 1983 to July 1984)

• Introduced with a new body/interior over a very similar chassis to the AE71 Corolla it replaced
• Available in both 3-door liftback and 2-door coupe versions
• Only available with the 4A-C engine
• Optional 4-spoke alloy wheels
• Sunroof optional
• Cruise control optional
• Cruise control changed from switches mounted on the left side of the steering wheel to a stalk on the right of the steering column (01/84+ models)
• Automatic and 5-speed optional
• Air conditioning optional
• Power mirrors optional
• Optional 3-spoke steering wheel (Canada Only)
• Climate control has descriptors on it (FOOT, COLD, WARM)
• Map lights standard (Sunroof cars Only)
• Rear window wiper optional
• Power steering optional
• Radiator fan shroud added on models with A/C
• "Sport Interior" optional, interior is similar to standard GT-S interior made standard in 1985
• Some vehicles with "Sport Interior" have cloth map pockets on doors, otherwise hard plastic
• Interior Colours: Beige, Blue, Red

1985 model year (August 1984 to July 1985)

• GT-S model introduced
• Rear disc brakes standard (GT-S only)
• 5-speed only available (GT-S only)
• Automatic and 5-speed still optional (SR5 Only)
• Large decals added on fender, door, and quarter panels (GT-S Only)
• Leather steering wheel and shift knob standard (GT-S Only)
• "Sport Interior" no longer optional (SR5 only)
• "Sport Interior" standard with 6-way adjustable driver's seat (GT-S Only)
• Optional 3-spoke SR5 steering wheel no longer optional (Canada, SR5 Only)
• 3-spoke steering wheel standard (Canada, GT-S Only)
• LSD optional (USA, GT-S Only)
• Blank plate added beside e-brake (05/85+ models)
• Clutch-start switch added (02/85+ models)
• Spoiler added (GT-S, 3-door Only)
• 14x5.5" sport steel wheels standard (GT-S Only)
• Silver and Gold "Pizza-Cutter" alloy wheels optional (GT-S Only)
• Front bumper lower lip spoiler added (GT-S Only)
• 150 mph/240 km/h speedometer added (GT-S Only)
• 7500 rpmredline tachometer added (GT-S Only)
• Bumpers changed to the same colour as the car is painted (GT-S Only)
• Lower part of bumpers were painted black (GT-S Only)
• Side trim changed to same colour as the car is painted (GT-S Only)
• Oil pressure gauge added to gauge cluster (GT-S Only)
• Trunk badging changed to a decal-type instead of the emblem "SR5" on 84 models
• Brake lines changed from a 7-line setup to a 5-line setup (05/85+ models)
• Sun visor shape changed to block more sun above the rear view mirror (05/85+ models)
• SR5 interior colours: maroon, grey, blue
• GT-S interior colours: maroon, grey, red
• GT-S exterior colours: black, red, silver

1986 model year (August 1985 to July 1986)

• Corolla Sport receives its first major cosmetic update
• Power windows option added (GT-S Only)
• Interior cloth changed from tweed-type to velour type with checker pattern (GT-S Only)
• Door panels changed to cloth type from vinyl type (GT-S Only)
• Doors received separate arm rests that screw on instead of the moulded vinyl type (GT-S Only)
• Rear axles changed to a larger diameter (10/85+ models, GT-S Only)
• Updated clutch master cylinder design, to provide less squealing
• Automatic transmission shifter updated to a nicer look (SR5 Only)
• Seat design updated, back changed to a single pad, from a 3-pad setup, hard shell extended upwards (GT-S Only)
• Steering wheel updated from a square horn to a more rounded (6-sided) design (USA, GT-S Only)
• Tail lights updated, black plastic garnish added around license plate
• Spoiler removed (GT-S, 3-door Only)
• Black plastic trunk garnish added (GT-S, 2-door Only)
• Black plastic wheel opening trim added (GT-S Only)
• Optional alloy wheels changed to a spoked "Snowflake" design, only available in silver (GT-S Only)
• Optional alloy wheels changed to a 7-spoke design (SR5 Only)
• Vacuum pump added to cruise control system
• Vacuum switch added to cruise control system (04/86+ models)
• Headlight garnishes changed to a more curved, reflector design from a flat black design
• Front side markers changed to match front headlight garnishes
• Front grille enlarged to extend underneath front headlights, bumper extensions appropriately made smaller
• Third brake light added (CHMSL) to comply with federal regulations
• Gauge cluster illumination changed from green to white
• Faint vertical lines added to gauge cluster background
• Gauge cluster needles changed to white, and design changed
• Smaller gauges changed to white needles, with different markings
• Headliner changed from vinyl type to a fuzzy cloth type
• Sun visors changed from all-vinyl to half vinyl/half fuzzy cloth type
• Climate control changed to an all-symbol design with a more textured feel to it
• A/C compressor manifold frame has larger ports
• Front/rear seat movement handle changed from inner section to outer section of front seats
• Cutout added on rear privacy cover for 3rd brake light (3-door Only)
• Switches on the dash (rear defog, rear wiper switch) now light up at night
• Clock on dash now has the lettering all black, instead of being offset in white
• Side decals made much smaller and are now only on the doors, not fenders or quarter panels (GT-S Only)
• "Diagnostic" terminal replaces two-pin short-out terminal to get information from vehicle components and put engine in diagnostic mode
• Horn moved from underneath headlight to hood latch support
• Trunk decals changed to a gradient design from the lined type (silver to black gradient)
• Gas tank receives baffling to prevent starving the fuel pump around corners when low on gas
• Steering rack changed slightly, slightly smaller, with larger bushings to compensate when mounting
• SR5 interior colours: black, blue, maroon
• GT-S interior colours: black, blue
• GT-S exterior colours: black, dark blue, light blue with dark blue, red, light grey

1987 model year (August 1986 to July 1987)

• Almost a direct carry over from 1986, with several small differences
• "Sport Interior" made optional, though most cars still have it (GT-S Only)
• Cloth changed back to tweed type from velour (GT-S with "Sport Interior" Only)
• Headrest changed to cloth-type from vinyl (SR5, GT-S without "Sport Interior" Only)
• Three-door version is much harder to come by, but are still available, 2-door more available (USA, GT-S Only)
• Radio connector changed to the new Toyota standard plugs, used on almost all Toyotas until 2000
• Some vehicles are equipped with the later, stronger 7-rib block, while retaining the smaller, lighter internals (GT-S Only)
• SR5 interior colours: black, blue, maroon
• GT-S interior colours: black, blue

The AE86 in motorsports

During its production life, the AE86 was a popular choice for showroom stock, Group A, and Group N racing, especially in rallying and circuit races. Even after production of the car was discontinued, many privateer teams still raced the AE86, and it is still a popular choice for rallying and club races today. Part of the continued appeal of the AE86 for motorsports is its rear-drive configuration, a feature not available in most newer lightweight coupes. In Group A world rally cars (1600 cc class) the 4AGZE engine was popular. In Group A touring car races, the car either dominated the lower category where eligible or fought it out with Honda Civics or the later AE92s and AE101s whilst maintaining its competitiveness. In Ireland, where rallying is considered one of the most popular forms of motorsport, as organizing regulations are more relaxed compared to that of other countries, the AE86 was popular when new, and is still so popular that teams will purchase cars from the UK due to local shortages. The AE86 is also popular for rally use in Finland, where the cars can be competitive in the F-Cup competition for naturally aspirated 2WD cars.

Drifting AE86 (Corolla-Levin)

The semi-factory supported Kraft team entered a spaceframe Trueno at the JGTC with a 3S-GTE engine that came from a SW20 MR-2 Turbo producing about 300 hp as for the GT300 regulation in 1998. Despite being popular with the racefans, the car had minor success and was abandoned from use halfway through the 2001 season in favor of a newly delivered Toyota MR-S.

The rear wheel drive configuration, combined with the AE86's light weight (approximately 2300 lb (1043 kg) curb weight), balance and relatively powerful (and easy to tune) 4A-GEU|4A-GEC engine made it popular among the Japanese hashiriya (street racers in Japanese), many of whom raced in mountain passes (touge in Japanese) where the corners suited the AE86 best, especially on the downhill. Among those who utilized this car was Japanese racing legend Keiichi Tsuchiya, also known as the Dori-Kin ("Drift King" in Japanese). Tsuchiya helped popularize the sport of drifting, which involves taking a car on a set of controlled slides through corners.The AE86's FR configuration made it well suited to this kind of cornering, and currently the car is a mainstay of drift shows and competitions. In fact most of the D1GP drivers who have competed have owned an AE86 and the last two D1GP's have been won by drivers with naturally aspirated 16-Valve AE86's; the older, lower-powered Corolla outperforming much newer, faster cars such as the Altezza and Skyline.

AE86 in popular culture

The Hachi-Roku is featured by manga artist Shuichi Shigeno in the manga/anime series Initial D. The Trueno is driven by lead character Takumi Fujiwara. A turbocharged (later supercharged) Levin variant is driven by one of Takumi's later rivals Wataru Akiyama. Takumi's friend Itsuki Takeuchi unintentionally buys a lower trim Corolla, a Levin AE85, thinking it is an AE86.

Some computer and video games have included the AE86, either as base model cars, or specially tuned cars, including all installments of Gran Turismo.

>>Toyota Sports 800

Toyota Sports 800

Toyota Sports 800
Manufacturer	Toyota
Also called	UP15, Yotahachi
Production	1965–1969
Predecessor	None
Successor	None
Class	Sports car
Body style(s)	2-door roadster 2-door coupe
Layout	FR
Engine(s)	H2
Length	3580mm
Width	1465mm
Height	1176mm
Curb weight	580kg/1276lbs
Related	Toyota Publica, Honda S800

The Toyota Sports 800 was Toyota Motor Corporation's first production sports car. The prototype for the Sports 800, called the Toyota Publica Sports, debuted at the 1962 Tokyo Auto Show, featuring a space age sliding canopy and utilizing the 28 HP power train of the Toyota Publica 700, a Japanese market economy car.

In 1965, the car went into actual production, with chassis code UP15 and an increase in engine displacement from 700cc to 800cc, and dual carburetors, which increased horsepower from 28 to 45. This engine was sufficient to power the light 580 kg car around town at 45 mpg or on a race track up to about 100 mph.

The car had aerodynamic styling by Shozo Sato, a designer on loan from Datsun, and Toyota engineer Tatsuo Hasegawa. Hasegawa had been an aircraft designer in World War II and the resulting Sports 800 was a lightweight and agile machine.

The Sports 800 was one of the first production cars featuring a lift-out roof panel, or targa top, pre-dating the Porsche Targa. The aluminum targa top could be stored in the trunk, when not in use.

Between 1965 (Showa year 40) and 1969 (Showa year 44) approximately 3,131 units were built by the Kanto Auto Works. Only about 10% of those vehicles are known to have survived, most being in Japan.

Production Tables show 1,235 cars manufactured in 1965, 703 in 1966, 538 in 1967, 440 in 1968, and 215 in 1969.

The vast majority of the 3,131 cars were right hand drive, but some 300 were left hand drive models, built primarily for the Okinawa market (Okinawa, having been American occupied, drove on the "other side" from the rest of Japan). A very limited number of left hand drive cars were used by Toyota to "test drive" in the US, but Toyota made a decision not to import or sell the cars in the US market.

There are subtle design differences between the years. Change over from non-synchro to synchro first gear occurred in 1967; a grill and bumperette change in 1968; and side marker lights in 1969, are among the noticeable differences. The basic body design remained unchanged.

An air-cooled 790 cc horizontally opposed two-cylinder boxer engine powered the vehicle. The 0.8 liter 2U (45 bhp @ 5400) was produced from 1965 through 1969, while a similar 2U-B was produced from 1966 through 1976 (in 1975 the Dyna Coaster Bus manual shows that Toyota used the 2U-B as a separate auxiliary engine, just to run the air conditioning unit for the bus). The 2U was also used in the Publica (UP20/UP26) and MiniAce (UP100).

Weight was kept down by using aluminum on selected body panels and thin steel on the unibody construction. For the first few years of production even the seat frames were made of aluminum. Curb weight is 580 kg.

In 1977, Toyota produced a one-off prototype Sports 800 GT. The GT stood for Gas Turbine rather than Grand Touring. This was one of Toyota's early forays into hybrid technology.

There are both Japanese and American Registries on the Internet. Owners are encouraged to register their vehicles.

References

• Toyota 2000GT Sports 800, Neko Publishing Co., Ltd.
• Toyota Publica & Sports 800, Miki Press.
• Toyota Sports 800 Production Figure Documents from Toyota Motor Corporation, Global External Affairs Division.
• 1968 Toyota Motor Sales, USA Press Release.
• 1975 Toyota Dyna Coaster Bus Manual.

>>Toyota Soarer

Toyota Soarer

1st Generation Toyota Soarer

2nd Generation Toyota Soarer

3rd Generation Toyota Soarer

The Toyota Soarer was a personal luxury GT coupé sold by Toyota in Japan from 1981 to 2004. The Soarer débuted in 1981 with the Z1 series, replacing the Toyota Crown Coupe, which took the form of a angular two-door coupé. In 1986, a more rounded Soarer was launched (the Z2 series). In 1991, the third generation (30 series) Toyota Soarer premiered in Japan. The 30 series Soarers were related to the Lexus SC 300/400, a luxury coupe Toyota had commissioned for its new upscale Lexus division outside Japan. While sharing the same body style and multiple components as the first Lexus SC, the 30 series Soarer lineup offered different powertrain specifications and multiple unique vehicle configurations.

In 2001, Toyota introduced a convertible successor which appeared in Japan as the fourth generation (40 series) Toyota Soarer, and elsewhere as the Lexus SC 430. In contrast to previous versions, the fourth generation Soarer and Lexus SC models were largely equivalent. In 2005, following the introduction of Lexus in Japan, sales of the 40 series Soarer were discontinued and the Lexus SC 430 became available in the Japanese market.

Z1 series (1981-1985)

Toyota Soarer Z1 Data for Japanese Versions, 1982
Production	1981-1985
Body style(s)	2-door coupe
Layout	FR layout
Engine(s)	2.0 L OHC-I6 (IG-EU), 125 JIS hp 2.0 L OHC-Turbo-I6 (M-TEU), 145 JIS hp 2.8 L DOHC-I6 (5M-GEU), 170 JIS hp
Transmission(s)	5 speed manual transmission; 4 speed automatic
Wheelbase	104.7 in (2660 mm)
Length	183.3 in (4655 mm)
Width	66.7 in (1695 mm)
Height	53.6 in (1360 mm)
Curb weight	2605-2895 lb (1180-1310 kg)

The Z1 series Toyota Soarer was produced from February 1981 to December 1985, and came in 2.0L, 2.8L or 3.0L I-6 variants. The first generation Soarer debuted with a rear-wheel drive configuration. It boasted numerous technological items, such as touchscreen computer controlled air conditioning climate control, digital speed and tachometer display using LED, among other elecronic features.

The suspension utilized four wheel double wishbone upper and lower control arms with struts, electronically controlled with Toyotas TEMS setup. The vehicle also came with self-diagnosis maintenance reminders.

There were a number of different engines available.

• GZ10=1G-EU or 1G-GEU
• MZ10=M-TEU
• MZ11=5M-GE
• MZ12=6M-GE

Early MZ10s were differnent in some regards to later MZ10s. Some of the difference are listed below.

• Later MZ10s had a water to air intercooler
• Later MZ10s had an oil and water cooled turbo (as opposed to the oil cooled only turbo in the early MZ10s)

The Z1 series Toyota Soarer was honored as Japan's Car of the Year for the 1981-1982 model years.

The MZ12 was equipped with the following features:

• ABS
• Cruise Control
• 7 way adjustable (driver only) leather seats
• Toyota Electronicly Modulated Suspension (TEMS)
• Digital Automatic climate control
• Electro multivision display (CRT type display)

Z2 series (1986-1991)

The Z2 series Toyota Soarer was produced from January 1986 to April 1991, and came in four variants: a 2.0L DOHC I-6 (1G-FE), a 2.0L naturally aspirated or twin turbo DOHC I-6 (1G-GE or 1G-GTE), and a turbocharged 3.0L DOHC I-6 (7M-GTE) with available air suspension. The styling of the second generation Soarer is similar of that of the MX73 Toyota Cressida and GX71 Toyota Mark II. The Soarer shared its platform with the newly introduced Toyota Supra.

30 series (1991-2000)

In 1990, following the successful launch of its upscale Lexus division outside of Japan, Toyota commissioned its California design studios to develop a new luxury coupe. In 1991, this vehicle debuted in the U.S. as the Lexus SC 300/400. In the same year, the third generation Toyota Soarer debuted in Japan as the Z3 or 30 series Toyota Soarer, replacing the Z2 series in that market. The 30 series Soarer shared the body style and key components with the Lexus SC, but featured different interior features, powertrain configurations, and other performance enhancements.

At the time of its 1991 debut, the Toyota Soarer boasted some of the rarest and most luxurious features of any car on the road at the time. It was one of the first cars in the world to feature factory GPS navigation and integrated car systems control (via the in-dash EMV touchscreen). It rivalled the likes of US$75,000 BMW & Mercedes-Benz vehicles and could be bought for a fraction of the price. It had a luxury feel to it, yet the 2.5GT twin turbo model in particular was truly a very powerful sports car as well. Not surprising though, given it shared the same chassis as the MKIV Toyota Supra. Both cars' suspension, brakes, drivetrains, and engine parts were interchangeable.

The Toyota Soarers made from the years 1991-2000 were offered with a 4-speed automatic transmission for all models. In addition, the JZZ30 Soarer could be had with a 5-speed manual transmission. Unlike their US Lexus equivalents however, the 30-series Soarer lineup never received a 5-speed automatic, and only the six cylinder versions received variable valve timing (VVTi) engines, in 1996.

In addition, the UZZ30 (equivalent to the Lexus SC400) was only sold from 1991 to 1993, and the JZZ31 (equivalent to the Lexus SC300) was not introduced to the Japanese market until 1994.

The JZZ31 model used the same engine and transmission as the MKIV 1993-1998 Toyota Supra N/A. This 3.0 liter DOHC Inline Six engine, the 2JZ-GE, was also used in the Lexus IS 300 and GS 300 models.

30 Series Soarer models

• JZZ30 - 2.5L 6 cyl twin turbo (1991-1996)
• JZZ30 - 2.5L 6 cyl single turbo VVTi (1996-2000)
• JZZ31 - 3.0L 6 cyl (US Lexus SC 300) (1994-2000)
• UZZ30 - 4.0L 8 cyl (US Lexus SC 400) (1991-1993)
• UZZ31 - 4.0L 8 cyl air suspension (1991-1997)
• UZZ32 - 4.0L 8 cyl 4ws, active suspension (1991-1996)

30 Series JZZ30 turbo models

In Japan, the 1991-1996 Soarer was available in one specific model (the JZZ30) with a 1JZ-GTE 2.5L Twin Turbo engine. It officially produced 206 kW (276bhp) and 363Nm of torque @ 4800 RPM. From August 1996 the twin turbo engine was updated to a single turbo unit with variable valve timing (VVTi), nominally producing the same 206 kW but greater low-end torque of 378Nm at just 2400 RPM (see The Toyota JZ Engine Guide below). The 1996 model also received minor cosmetic changes including revised front and rear bumpers and side mouldings.

The 2.5 litre turbo Soarer variant was available in two trim levels - the GT-T and the GT-TL which added electric seats, wood trim and cruise control to the list of standard features.

30 Series UZZ31 and UZZ32 models

The UZZ31 and UZZ32 Soarer models, not sold in the U.S., had more luxury features than the JZZ30 single/twin turbo cars or the JZZ31/SC 300 and UZZ30/SC 400. Features like full leather electrically adjustable seating with seat heaters and memory systems, electrically adjusted auto-retracting steering, and ultrasonic de-misters in the wing mirrors helped distinguish these cars from their sportier versions and from their German competition. The UZZ31 and UZZ32 models were also available with an "EMV" (Electro Multi Vision) package which provided a screen with television, navigation (Japan only), diagnostics, car computer and touch control of all functions in the climate air conditioning system and of the sophisticated 7-speaker (with subwoofer) audio system with digital signal processing.

The UZZ31 model used an air suspension system that had two settings for both ride height and damper stiffness.

The UZZ32 model was the top of the line 30 series featuring four wheel steering and a complex hydraulic computer- controlled active suspension system. This did away with conventional springs and anti-roll (stabiliser) bars in favour of hydraulic struts controlled by sensors that detected cornering, acceleration and braking forces. The system worked well and gave an unusually controlled yet smooth ride with no body roll, but the weight penalty of the system affected straight-line performance somewhat, and the car was costly to produce. As a result, only 873 UZZ32's were made and are now collectors items in the UK and Australia.

40 series (2001-2004)

The 40 series Soarer model was largely identical to its Lexus equivalent, sold outside Japan as the Lexus SC 430 since 2001. The 40 series Soarer 430SCV featured a hardtop which could fold into the boot of the car, in the fashion of the contemporary Mercedes-Benz SL. The coupe was equipped with the 3UZ-FE VVTi (variable valve timing) 4.3 litre V8 motor - as was available in the Lexus LS 430 luxury sedan. It produced a respectable 208kw (280HP) and 430Nm of torque. This enabled the coupe to accelerate from a standstill to 62mph in a reasonable 6 seconds. The shared body style of the 40 series Soarer/SC 430 was developed by Toyota designers at design studios in France and Japan. Compared with the 30 series, some observers generally considered the fourth generation a retreat in visual style due to its more compact and top heavy appearance. As a result it had lost the long sleek look previously seen and admired greatly in the 30 series models.

With the 40 series Soarer, design and production synergies culminated in the development of a single shared design configuration for both the Soarer and Lexus models, unlike the previous generations. The rise of Lexus as Toyota's premium worldwide marque also contributed to the design focus on the Lexus model configuration rather than a separate Toyota-branded series of Soarer coupes. On July 26, 2005, Lexus was introduced in Japan with the 2006 SC 430 in its lineup. The debut of Lexus and the SC 430 coincided with the conclusion of Toyota Soarer sales.

>>Toyota Sienta

Toyota Sienta

Toyota Sienta(2006)

The Toyota Sienta is a small four-door minivan with sliding doors sold only in Japan. Introduced in September 2003, it seats seven despite it's very small size. It features avant-garde styling that is very similar to the Renault Twingo.

The Toyota Sienta is a three rows, seven seater compact MPV based on the popular Vitz subcompact. Built as a fun family vehicle, the Sienta comes with a distinctly front and a lavish interior.

Powered by a 1.5 liter petrol engine capable of 110 bhp at 6000 rpm, the Sienta comes equipped with CVT transmission for smooth effortless cruising. ABS and EBD are standard safety features.

The interior is highly flexible with the seats able to be knocked down in various configurations to accommodate varying luggage sizes. Multi compartments are available in convenient areas of the cabin for easy storage of small useful items. Large sliding doors at the rear ensures ease of entry for passengers.

This is a car commonly seen in Japan, due to its easy maintenance, low FC for MPVs ranging from 12km/l to 16km/l, and its great sliding doors.

Toyota Sienta received a facelift in Year 2006, 3 years since its first production. Newer colors are being added, such as Apple Green, Gun-Metal Grey, and Metallic Blue.

>>Toyota Sienna

Toyota Sienna

Toyota Sienna
Manufacturer	Toyota Motor Corporation
Production	1998–present
Predecessor	Toyota Previa
Class	Minivan
Related	Toyota Camry Toyota Camry Solara Lexus ES/Toyota Windom Lexus RX Toyota Highlander Toyota Avalon

The Toyota Sienna is a minivan built in the United States for the North American market, and shares its platform and engine with the Toyota Camry. It replaced the Previa in 1998 as a more conventional front wheel drive van, and was updated in 2004 as a larger model.

First generation (1998-2003)

First generation
Production	1998–2003
Assembly	Georgetown, Kentucky
Body style(s)	3-door minivan 4-door minivan
Layout	FF layout
Engine(s)	3.0L 210 hp V6
Transmission(s)	4-speed automatic
Wheelbase	114.2 in (2901 mm)
Length	190.5 in (4839 mm) (1998-2000) 194.2 in (4933 mm) (2001-03)
Width	73.4 in (1864 mm)
Height	67.3 in (1709 mm)

In late 1997, Toyota replaced its unconventional mid-engined Toyota Previa minivan with the smaller front wheel drive 1998 Toyota Sienna in the North American market (the Previa is still available in Eurasia and is sold in Japan and some other markets as the Toyota Estima). The Toyota Sienna had a 3.0 L V6 engine rated at 145 kW and 284 N·m (209 ft·lbf) of torque. Built on an extended Toyota Camry platform, the Sienna was marketed as the "Camry of minivans".

2001-2003 Toyota Sienna

Fuel economy was 18 mpg city and 24 mpg highway. It was built in Georgetown, Kentucky. In 2001, the Sienna received a minor facelift. This facelift included a facelifted front facia which added the front fog lights, new front and rear lights designed for a more modern yet conventional look, a revamped dash which added more usablity to the climate control, radio controls, and the new location of the Accessory switches (Rear Vent, Power Sliding Doors, Heated Seats) It also added a VVT-i equipped engine, which produces 210 horsepower (157 kW) and 220 ft·lbf (298 N·m) Torque. It gained a few optional safety features including Vehicle Skid Control, Traction Control and SRS Side Impact airbags.

Second generation (2004-2008)

Second generation
Production	2004–2008
Assembly	Princeton, Indiana
Body style(s)	4-door minivan
Layout	Front engine, front-wheel drive / Four-wheel drive
Engine(s)	3.3L DOHC 24-valve VVT-i V6 3.5 liter DOHC 24-valve Dual VVT-i V6
Transmission(s)	5-speed automatic
Wheelbase	119.3 in (3030 mm)
Length	200 in (5080 mm) (2004-05) 201 in (5105 mm) (2006-present)
Width	77.4 in (1966 mm)
Height	68.9 in (1750 mm)

In January 2003, the second generation Sienna was shown at the Detroit Auto Show. Production shifted to Princeton, Indiana, and the Georgetown plant was retooled to build the second generation Camry Solara. The new Sienna had a 3.3 L engine from the Camry. The new Sienna, larger than the first generation, offered features such as a fold-flat 60/40 third-row seat, eight passenger seating, backup sensors, rear view camera, kid view mirror, available all wheel drive, a navigation system, and a more luxurious XLE Limited model. Fuel economy was rated as 19 mpg city and 26 mpg highway. (17 mpg city 23 mpg highway for AWD)

In July 2005, changes for the 2006 model year were announced. The front fascia, side molding, and rear taillights were redesigned. The measurements for horsepower and torque were changed to the SAE's new specifications (to 215 hp and 222 ft·lbf.). Optitron gauges were added to LE, XLE, and Limited trims. The "XLE" prefix in "XLE Limited" was cut off. A power driver's seat memory option was also added to XLE and Limited trims as well as dual powered side sliding doors. Bluetooth capability and power-folding third row seats were also added as options. Side and curtain air bags were changed to standard for all models. The optional rear seat audio system was discontinued. For 2007, new wheel designs, as well as a new standard 3.5 liter V6 putting out 266 hp (198 kW) became available. A full list of changes are available at SiennaClub.org.

Awards

2004:

• Car and Driver's Five Best Trucks Van Award
• Edmunds Editor's Most Wanted Van and Edmund Consumer's Most Wanted Van
• Rated "Double Best Pick" by IIHS PDF

Models

The 2006 Toyota Sienna is available in:

• CE ($24,155 USD MSRP)
• LE ($25,680 USD MSRP)
• LE AWD ($29,295 USD MSRP)
• XLE ($30,125 USD MSRP)
• XLE AWD ($33,330 USD MSRP)
• Limited ($35,465 USD MSRP)
• Limited AWD ($37,665 USD MSRP)

Sienna from Toyota - 2007 Models, Features, & Prices (July 17, 2007)

(Prices are for 7-passenger models only).

2007 specifications

• Engine: 3.5 L DOHC 24-valve dual VVT-i V6 - 2GR-FE
• Output: 266 hp (200 kW) at 6200 RPM and 248 ft·lbf (336 N·m) at 4700 rpm (SAE Net)
• Transmission: 5-speed electronically controlled automatic transmission
• Drivetrain: Front wheel drive, all wheel drive available on LE, XLE, XLE Limited (CE in Canada)
• Turning Diameter: 36.8 ft (11.2 m)
• Brakes: Power-assisted ventilated front disc, rear drum with anti-lock braking system (ABS), with 4-wheel disc brakes on XLE Limited, all wheel drive models or with available Vehicle Stability Control system and Brake Assist

Third generation (2009-)

The Sienna will be redesigned for the 2009 model year, and will probably be based off the Toyota FT-MV concept from that will be shown during the 2007 Tokyo Auto Show.